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Compare Arctic Ocean (2001) - Guinea (2001)
Compare Arctic Ocean (2001) z Guinea (2001)
| Arctic Ocean (2001) | Guinea (2001) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | - | 33 prefectures and 1 special zone (zone special)*; Beyla, Boffa, Boke, Conakry*, Coyah, Dabola, Dalaba, Dinguiraye, Dubreka, Faranah, Forecariah, Fria, Gaoual, Gueckedou, Kankan, Kerouane, Kindia, Kissidougou, Koubia, Koundara, Kouroussa, Labe, Lelouma, Lola, Macenta, Mali, Mamou, Mandiana, Nzerekore, Pita, Siguiri, Telimele, Tougue, Yomou |
| Age structure | - | 0-14 years:
43.12% (male 1,637,000; female 1,645,786) 15-64 years: 54.19% (male 2,015,199; female 2,110,745) 65 years and over: 2.69% (male 84,586; female 120,554) (2001 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | - | rice, coffee, pineapples, palm kernels, cassava (tapioca), bananas, sweet potatoes; cattle, sheep, goats; timber |
| Airports | - | 15 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | - | total:
5 over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | - | total:
10 1,524 to 2,437 m: 6 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
| Area | total:
14.056 million sq km note: includes Baffin Bay, Barents Sea, Beaufort Sea, Chukchi Sea, East Siberian Sea, Greenland Sea, Hudson Bay, Hudson Strait, Kara Sea, Laptev Sea, Northwest Passage, and other tributary water bodies |
total:
245,857 sq km land: 245,857 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | slightly less than 1.5 times the size of the US | slightly smaller than Oregon |
| Background | The Arctic Ocean is the smallest of the world's five oceans (after the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, and the recently delimited Southern Ocean). The Northwest Passage (US and Canada) and Northern Sea Route (Norway and Russia) are two important seasonal waterways. A sparse network of air, ocean, river, and land routes circumscribes the Arctic Ocean. | Independent from France since 1958, Guinea did not hold democratic elections until 1993 when Gen. Lansana CONTE (head of the military government) was elected president of the civilian government. He was reelected in 1998. Unrest in Sierra Leone has spilled over into Guinea, threatening stability and creating a humanitarian emergency. |
| Birth rate | - | 39.78 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Budget | - | revenues:
$NA expenditures: $417.7 million, including capital expenditures of $NA million (2000 est.) |
| Capital | - | Conakry |
| Climate | polar climate characterized by persistent cold and relatively narrow annual temperature ranges; winters characterized by continuous darkness, cold and stable weather conditions, and clear skies; summers characterized by continuous daylight, damp and foggy weather, and weak cyclones with rain or snow | generally hot and humid; monsoonal-type rainy season (June to November) with southwesterly winds; dry season (December to May) with northeasterly harmattan winds |
| Coastline | 45,389 km | 320 km |
| Constitution | - | 23 December 1990 (Loi Fundamentale) |
| Country name | - | conventional long form:
Republic of Guinea conventional short form: Guinea local long form: Republique de Guinee local short form: Guinee former: French Guinea |
| Currency | - | Guinean franc (GNF) |
| Death rate | - | 17.53 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Debt - external | - | $3.6 billion (1999 est.) |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | - | chief of mission:
Charge d'Affaires Timberlake FOSTER embassy: Rue Ka 038, Conakry mailing address: B. P. 603, Conakry telephone: [224] 41 15 20, 41 15 21, 41 15 23 FAX: [224] 41 15 22 |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | - | chief of mission:
Ambassador Mohamed Aly THIAM chancery: 2112 Leroy Place NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 483-9420 FAX: [1] (202) 483-8688 |
| Disputes - international | some maritime disputes (see littoral states) | border incursions by Revolutionary United Front combatants from Sierra Leone; civil war in that country has engendered a massive flow of refugees to southern Guinea and Liberia |
| Economic aid - recipient | - | $359.2 million (1998) |
| Economy - overview | Economic activity is limited to the exploitation of natural resources, including petroleum, natural gas, fish, and seals. | Guinea possesses major mineral, hydropower, and agricultural resources, yet remains a poor underdeveloped nation. The country possesses over 30% of the world's bauxite reserves and is the second largest bauxite producer. The mining sector accounted for about 75% of exports in 1999. Long-run improvements in government fiscal arrangements, literacy, and the legal framework are needed if the country is to move out of poverty. The government made encouraging progress in budget management in 1997-99, and reform progress was praised in the World Bank/IMF October 2000 assessment. However, escalating fighting along the Sierra Leonean and Liberian borders will cause major economic disruptions. In addition to direct defense costs, the violence has led to a sharp decline in investor confidence. Foreign mining companies have reduced expatriate staff, while panic buying has created food shortages and inflation in local markets. Real GDP growth is expected to fall to 2% in 2001. |
| Electricity - consumption | - | 697.5 million kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - exports | - | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - imports | - | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production | - | 750 million kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production by source | - | fossil fuel:
46.67% hydro: 53.33% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Fram Basin -4,665 m highest point: sea level 0 m |
lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mont Nimba 1,752 m |
| Environment - current issues | endangered marine species include walruses and whales; fragile ecosystem slow to change and slow to recover from disruptions or damage; thinning polar icepack | deforestation; inadequate supplies of potable water; desertification; soil contamination and erosion; overfishing, overpopulation in forest region |
| Environment - international agreements | - | party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Ethnic groups | - | Peuhl 40%, Malinke 30%, Soussou 20%, smaller ethnic groups 10% |
| Exchange rates | - | Guinean francs per US dollar - 1,855.0 (October 2000), 1,572.0 (2000), 1,387.4 (1999), 1,236.8 (1998), 1,095.3 (1997), 1,004.0 (1996) |
| Executive branch | - | chief of state:
President Lansana CONTE (head of military government since 5 April 1984, elected president 19 December 1993) head of government: Prime Minister Lamine SIDIME (since 8 March 1999) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; candidate must receive a majority of the votes cast to be elected president; election last held 14 December 1998 (next to be held NA December 2003); the prime minister is appointed by the president election results: Lansana CONTE reelected president; percent of vote - Lansana CONTE (PUP) 56.1%, Mamadou Boye BA (UNR-PRP) 24.6%, Alpha CONDE (RPG) 16.6%, |
| Exports | - | $820 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.) |
| Exports - commodities | - | bauxite, alumina, gold, diamonds, coffee, fish, agricultural products |
| Exports - partners | - | US, Benelux, Ukraine, Ireland (1999) |
| Fiscal year | - | calendar year |
| Flag description | - | three equal vertical bands of red (hoist side), yellow, and green; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia; similar to the flag of Rwanda, which has a large black letter R centered in the yellow band |
| GDP | - | purchasing power parity - $10 billion (2000 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | - | agriculture:
22.3% industry: 35.3% services: 42.4% (1998 est.) |
| GDP - per capita | - | purchasing power parity - $1,300 (2000 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | - | 5% (2000 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 90 00 N, 0 00 E | 11 00 N, 10 00 W |
| Geography - note | major chokepoint is the southern Chukchi Sea (northern access to the Pacific Ocean via the Bering Strait); strategic location between North America and Russia; shortest marine link between the extremes of eastern and western Russia; floating research stations operated by the US and Russia; maximum snow cover in March or April about 20 to 50 centimeters over the frozen ocean; snow cover lasts about 10 months | - |
| Highways | - | total:
30,500 km paved: 5,033 km unpaved: 25,467 km (1996) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | - | lowest 10%:
2.6% highest 10%: 32% (1994) |
| Imports | - | $634 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.) |
| Imports - commodities | - | petroleum products, metals, machinery, transport equipment, textiles, grain and other foodstuffs |
| Imports - partners | - | France, Belgium, US, Cote d'Ivoire (1999) |
| Independence | - | 2 October 1958 (from France) |
| Industrial production growth rate | - | 3.2% (1994) |
| Industries | - | bauxite, gold, diamonds; alumina refining; light manufacturing and agricultural processing industries |
| Infant mortality rate | - | 129.03 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | - | 6% (2000 est.) |
| International organization participation | - | ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MINURSO, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | - | 1 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | - | 930 sq km (1993 est.) |
| Judicial branch | - | Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel |
| Labor force | - | 3 million (1999) |
| Labor force - by occupation | - | agriculture 80%, industry and services 20% (2000 est.) |
| Land boundaries | - | total:
3,399 km border countries: Cote d'Ivoire 610 km, Guinea-Bissau 386 km, Liberia 563 km, Mali 858 km, Senegal 330 km, Sierra Leone 652 km |
| Land use | - | arable land:
2% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 22% forests and woodland: 59% other: 17% (1993 est.) |
| Languages | - | French (official), each ethnic group has its own language |
| Legal system | - | based on French civil law system, customary law, and decree; legal codes currently being revised; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction |
| Legislative branch | - | unicameral People's National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale Populaire (114 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 11 June 1995 (next scheduled for 26 November 2000 postponed indefinitely due to border fighting with rebels from Sierra Leone and Liberia) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PUP 71, RPG 19, PRP 9, UNR 9, UPG 2, PDG-AST 1, UNP 1, PDG-RDA 1, other 1 |
| Life expectancy at birth | - | total population:
45.91 years male: 43.49 years female: 48.42 years (2001 est.) |
| Literacy | - | definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 35.9% male: 49.9% female: 21.9% (1995 est.) |
| Location | body of water between Europe, Asia, and North America, mostly north of the Arctic Circle | Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Guinea-Bissau and Sierra Leone |
| Map references | Arctic Region | Africa |
| Maritime claims | - | exclusive economic zone:
200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | - | none (2000 est.) |
| Military branches | - | Army, Navy, Air Force, Republican Guard, Presidential Guard, paramilitary National Gendarmerie, National Police Force (Surete National) |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | - | $56 million (FY96) |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | - | 1.4% (FY96) |
| Military manpower - availability | - | males age 15-49:
1,764,912 (2001 est.) |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | - | males age 15-49:
891,166 (2001 est.) |
| National holiday | - | Independence Day, 2 October (1958) |
| Nationality | - | noun:
Guinean(s) adjective: Guinean |
| Natural hazards | ice islands occasionally break away from northern Ellesmere Island; icebergs calved from glaciers in western Greenland and extreme northeastern Canada; permafrost in islands; virtually ice locked from October to June; ships subject to superstructure icing from October to May | hot, dry, dusty harmattan haze may reduce visibility during dry season |
| Natural resources | sand and gravel aggregates, placer deposits, polymetallic nodules, oil and gas fields, fish, marine mammals (seals and whales) | bauxite, iron ore, diamonds, gold, uranium, hydropower, fish |
| Net migration rate | - | -2.63 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
note: as a result of civil war in neighboring countries, Guinea is host to almost half a million Liberian and Sierra Leonean refugees |
| Political parties and leaders | - | Democratic Party of Guinea or PDG-AST [Marcel CROS]; Democratic Party of Guinea-African Democratic Rally or PDG-RDA [El Hadj Ismael Mohamed Gassim GUSHEIN]; National Union for Progress or UNP [Paul Louis FABER]; Party for Unity and Progress or PUP [Lansana CONTE] - the governing party; Party for Renewal and Progress or PRP [Siradiou DIALLO]; Rally for the Guinean People or RPG [Alpha CONDE]; Union for Progress of Guinea or UPG [Jean-Marie DORE, secretary-general]; Union for the New Republic or UNR [Mamadou Boye BA]; Union of Republican Forces or UFR [Sidya TOURE] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | - | NA |
| Population | - | 7,613,870 (July 2001 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | - | 40% (1994 est.) |
| Population growth rate | - | 1.96% (2001 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Churchill (Canada), Murmansk (Russia), Prudhoe Bay (US) | Boke, Conakry, Kamsar |
| Radio broadcast stations | - | AM 4, FM 8, shortwave 3 (1998) |
| Radios | - | 357,000 (1997) |
| Railways | - | total:
1,086 km standard gauge: 279 km 1.435-m gauge narrow gauge: 807 km 1.000-m gauge (includes 662 km in common carrier service from Kankan to Conakry) |
| Religions | - | Muslim 85%, Christian 8%, indigenous beliefs 7% |
| Sex ratio | - | at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.7 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
| Suffrage | - | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | - | general assessment:
poor to fair system of open-wire lines, small radiotelephone communication stations, and new microwave radio relay system domestic: microwave radio relay and radiotelephone communication international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | - | 20,000 (1997) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | - | 2,868 (1997) |
| Television broadcast stations | - | 6 (1997) |
| Terrain | central surface covered by a perennial drifting polar icepack that averages about 3 meters in thickness, although pressure ridges may be three times that size; clockwise drift pattern in the Beaufort Gyral Stream, but nearly straight-line movement from the New Siberian Islands (Russia) to Denmark Strait (between Greenland and Iceland); the icepack is surrounded by open seas during the summer, but more than doubles in size during the winter and extends to the encircling landmasses; the ocean floor is about 50% continental shelf (highest percentage of any ocean) with the remainder a central basin interrupted by three submarine ridges (Alpha Cordillera, Nansen Cordillera, and Lomonosov Ridge) | generally flat coastal plain, hilly to mountainous interior |
| Total fertility rate | - | 5.39 children born/woman (2001 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | - | NA% |
| Waterways | - | 1,295 km (navigable by shallow-draft native craft) |
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